Evaluation studies contribute to the identification of parameters that can affect the accuracy and precision of analytical methods. This study describes the analysis of δ18O and δ2H in water samples by the equilibrium method at the Isotope Geology Laboratory (LGI), Center for studies in Petrology and Geochemistry (CPGq) of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). For that, six batches of analyzes were carried out under different ambient temperature conditions. For the reproducibility tests, four aliquots of the control sample were analyzed at the Polar Climate Center (CPC). Results showed that ambient temperature did not significantly affect the accuracy of the oxygen analysis. However, the mean result at 20 °C showed greater accuracy and acceptable precision. Hydrogen analyzes at a room temperature of 18 °C showed an external standard deviation and an internal precision exceeding the recommended, while at 20 and 22 °C the results were statistically acceptable, being the first more accurate. From that, it is possible to conclude that the determination of δ18O and δ2H in water at the LGI, employing the equilibrium method at an ambient temperature of 20 °C, showed satisfactory repeatability and reproducibility.

Abstract The frequency of gastrointestinal parasites with an emphasis on Strongylus vulgaris was investigated among the Brazilian Pony breed kept on farms in the municipality of Teresópolis, state of Rio de Janeiro. Fecal samples were collected in three stud farms: A (n= 22 animals), B (n= 3), and C (n= 2). Fecal samples were subjected to the quantitative Mini-FLOTAC technique, using three different solutions, and to qualitative techniques. The parasite prevalence was found to be 81.4%. Eggs from strongylids were identified in 74% of the ponies. Eggs of Parascaris spp. were detected in 22.7% of the animals, which were all females of farm A. At this locality, mares were kept with their foals in fenced paddocks all the time. The NaCl solution of d = 1.200 g/ml was generally the one that presented the highest frequency of diagnosis of nematode eggs and the highest mean of fecal eggs per gram. The fecal samples were also subjected to the polymerase chain reaction for amplification of DNA from the ITS2 region for Strongylus vulgaris. Twelve samples presented nucleotide sequences for S. vulgaris. In the end, this study revealed the high frequency (96.3%) of S. vulgaris among ponies on farms in Teresópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Resumo A frequência de parasitos gastrointestinais, com ênfase na pesquisa de Strongylus vulgaris, foi investigada entre os Pôneis Brasileiros criados em haras na cidade de Teresópolis, no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Amostras fecais foram coletadas em três haras: A (n=22 animais), B (n=3) e C (n=2). Amostras fecais foram submetidas à técnica quantitativa de Mini-FLOTAC utilizando três diferentes soluções e técnicas qualitativas. A prevalência de parasitos foi de 81,4%. Ovos de estrôngilos foram identificados em 74% dos pôneis. Ovos de Parascaris spp. foram detectados em 22,7% dos animais, sendo todos fêmeas do haras A. Nesta propriedade, as éguas eram mantidas com os pôneis em piquetes cercados durante todo o tempo. A solução de NaCl, com densidade de 1.200 g/ml, foi a que apresentou a maior frequência diagnóstica de ovos de nematoides e a maior contagem de ovos por grama de fezes. As amostras também foram submetidas à reação de polimerase em cadeia para amplificar DNA da região ITS2 de Strongylus vulgaris. Doze amostras fecais apresentaram sequências nucleotídicas de S. vulgaris. Ao final, este estudo demonstrou a alta frequência (96.3%) de S. vulgaris em pôneis mantidos em haras na cidade de Teresópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Resumo Este artigo busca examinar a influência do romance A montanha mágica (1924) sobre o livro Raízes do Brasil (1936). Propõe-se que Sérgio Buarque se apropria do romance de Thomas Mann na montagem dos capítulos finais de seu ensaio, transpondo para o contexto da cultura brasileira os debates em que Lodovico Settembrini e Leo Naphta competem pela primazia na educação do protagonista Hans Castorp. Com isso, busca-se, além de demonstrar a hipótese da procedência romanesca de alguns aspectos da narrativa de Sérgio Buarque, situar a ideia de formação ou Bildung (em detrimento da política) no centro da discussão do livro.

Abstract The article seeks to examine Thomas Mann’s The magic mountain (1924) influence over the book Roots of Brazil (1936). We propose that Sérgio Buarque draws on Thomas Mann’s novel in making the final chapters of his essay, transposing the debates in which Lodovico Settembrini and Leo Naphta compete for the primacy in the education of the protagonist Hans Castorp to the context of Brazilian culture. Thus, in addition to presenting the hypothesis of the novelistic origin of certain aspects of Sérgio Buarque’s narrative, we seek to demonstrate the centrality of Bildung or self-cultivation (as opposed to politics) in the book’s argument.

Resumo Este texto investiga a intenção política do capítulo final da primeira edição de Raízes do Brasil, de Sérgio Buarque de Holanda (1936). Nesse intuito, examinando algumas referências explícita ou implicitamente ali presentes e seu contexto na argumentação do livro, fizemos uma reconstituição aproximativa do que constituiriam a especificidade local (brasileira ou “americana”, isto é, continental) e o conteúdo do conceito de revolução mobilizado no texto. Procuramos contribuir, assim, para uma melhor compreensão da posição de Sérgio Buarque de Holanda diante do pensamento autoritário dos anos 1930, bem como da inserção de Raízes do Brasil no debate modernista sobre a cultura brasileira.

Abstract This article investigates the political intention of the final chapter of the first edition of Sérgio Buarque de Holanda’s Roots of Brazil (1936). To that end, by examining some explicit and implicit references of Holanda’s essay and their context within the book’s arguments, we approximately reconstructed and exposed the local specificity (Brazilian or “American”, that is, continental) and the content of the concept of revolution present in the text. We therefore seek to contribute to a better understanding of Sérgio Buarque de Holanda’s stance vis-à-vis Brazilian authoritarian political thought of the 1930s, as well as of Roots of Brazil’s inscription in Brazilian Modernismo’s debate on the country’s culture.

RESUMO: Estabelecendo um diálogo com o artigo intitulado “Escola de Física do CERN: uma análise do discurso à luz da Epistemologia de Ludwik Fleck”, esse trabalho destaca dois elementos relacionados ao uso do referencial teórico de Ludwik Fleck nas pesquisas em ensino de ciências. Em primeiro lugar, evidencia-se o potencial e a abertura da epistemologia de Fleck para a área, tanto do ponto de vista teórico-metodológico quanto empírico. Nesse sentido, trata-se de um “programa de pesquisa” em crescimento. Em segundo lugar, aponta-se para o uso e o entendimento diferenciado de certos conceitos fleckianos na literatura especializada, bem como à existência de possíveis desvios de significado. Em particular, os conceitos de circulação intracoletiva e intercoletiva são objeto de atenção.

ABSTRACT: Establishing a dialogue with the paper entitled “CERN portuguese language teachers program: a discourse analysis from the point of view of Ludwik Fleck’s Epistemology”, this work highlights two elements related to the use of Ludwik Fleck’s theoretical framework in science teaching research. First, the potential and openness of Fleck’s epistemology to the area is highlighted, both from a theoretical-methodological and empirical point of view. In this sense, it is a growing “research program”. Secondly, it points to the use and differentiated understanding of certain fleckian concepts in the specialized literature, as well as to the existence of possible deviations of meaning. In particular, the concepts of intracollective and intercollective circulation are object of attention.

RESUMEN: Entablando un diálogo con el artículo titulado “Escuela de Física CERN: un análisis del discurso desde el punto de vista de la epistemología de Ludwik Fleck”, este texto destaca dos elementos relacionados con el uso del marco teórico de Ludwik Fleck en la investigación en enseñanza de las ciencias. En primer lugar, se destaca la potencialidad y apertura de la epistemología de Fleck al área, tanto desde el punto de vista teórico-metodológico como empírico. En este sentido, es un “programa de investigación” en crecimiento. En segundo lugar, apunta al uso y comprensión diferenciada de ciertos conceptos fleckianos en la literatura especializada, así como a la existencia de posibles desviaciones de significado. En particular, los conceptos de circulación intracolectiva e intercolectiva son objeto de atención.

ABSTRACT: Adding ionophores to ruminant diets is a strategy to manipulate ruminal fermentation and improve milk yield. This study evaluates the effects of narasin supply to lactating ewes on dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield and composition, and performance of the lambs. Thirty lactating Santa Inês and Santa Inês × Dorper ewes fed a basal diet containing 50 % coastcross hay and 50 % concentrate were randomly assigned to two treatments: control (CON; without ionophores) or NAR (addition of 13 mg narasin kg–1 DM). From the 2nd to 10th week of lactation, DMI of ewes was determined, and once a week, their milk production and composition was measured over a 3-h interval. At the 10th week of lactation, lambs were weaned and their average daily gain (ADG) and starter DMI continued to be evaluated for two more weeks. Narasin supply did not affect weight and DMI of ewes. Ewes fed NAR had greater feed efficiency for milk production and displayed tendency for higher milk yield. Narasin supply reduced milk protein levels, but it did not affect other milk component levels. Ewes fed NAR had greater production of milk urea nitrogen and showed tendency for higher production of fat and total solids. Starter DMI of lambs was not affected by treatments; however, there was a tendency for greater weaning weight for NAR lambs. At the end of experiment, no differences were observed in the performance of lambs. The supply of 13 mg narasin kg–1 to lactating ewes improved milk yield efficiency and tended to increase the weaning weight of their lambs.

RESUMO Neste trabalho de revisão da literatura, discute-se a constituição do comum na escola pública, compreendendo-o como campo das singularidades/multiplicidades, da liberdade de expressão, que enseja uma democracia participativa. Para essa análise, articula-se a compreensão do comum à atuação de grupos evangélicos (neopentecostais), com seus valores e práticas, a partir de uma diferenciação entre a institucionalidade religiosa e a igreja espiritual. Conclui-se que a valorização dos espaços coletivos é uma alternativa fundamental na/para liberdade de expressão assim como nos enfrentamentos aos extremismos religiosos que se apresentam.

ABSTRACT In this literature review work, there is a discussion on the constitution of the common in public school, understanding it as a field of singularities/multiplicities, of freedom of speech, which craves for a participatory democracy. With this review, the understanding of the communal is articulated to the accomplishment of evangelical groups, with their moral values (or merits) and practices, based on a discrimination between the religious institutionality and the spiritual church. The conclusion is that the appreciation of collective spaces is a fundamental alternative of/for freedom of expression, as well as of confronting the religious extremisms that present themselves.

Abstract The first record of the genus Deinodryinus Perkins and the description of a new species Deinodryinus noronhensis sp. nov. from oceanic archipelago of Fernando de Noronha (Brazil) are performed. Additionally, an illustration of the new species and a modified key are presented together with a discussion on the Deinodryinus records for the northeastern region of Brazil.

Abstract The possibility of using agro-industrial residues in bioconversion processes advances with the development of biotechnology and the search for processes in which is possible to add commercial value to previously discarded products. These processes should be low cost, easy to control and chemical-free. The yeast Yarrowia lipolytica (YL) is widely used to produce lipids, enzymes, citric acid, and proteins, among others. This study aimed to evaluate the capacity of this yeast to use agro-industrial residues as a source of carbon without adding extra carbohydrate sources for the development of cells. The study evaluated the production of proteins and lipids from different carbon sources as well as the optimization of the process (agitation, temperature, and nitrogen source). Indeed, YL produced 22.3% of protein and 9.4% of lipids in dry biomass, a 179% of protein and 660% of lipid increase from raw material, respectively, when using cassava residues as a carbon source. However, lipase production was low, indicating that the strain had priority for cell growth.

Resumo A possibilidade de utilização de resíduos agroindustriais em processos de bioconversão tem avançado com o desenvolvimento da biotecnologia e a busca por processos nos quais seja possível agregar valor comercial a produtos anteriormente descartados. Esses processos devem ser de baixo custo, fáceis de controlar e livres de produtos químicos. A levedura Yarrowia lipolytica (YL) é amplamente utilizada para a produção de lipídios, enzimas, ácido cítrico, proteínas, entre outros. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a capacidade desta levedura em utilizar resíduos agroindustriais como fonte de carbono sem adição de fontes extras de carboidratos para o desenvolvimento das células. O estudo avaliou a produção de proteínas e lipídios a partir de diferentes fontes de carbono, bem como a otimização do processo (agitação, temperatura e fonte de nitrogênio). A YL produziu 22,3% de proteína e 9,4% de lipídios a partir da biomassa seca, um aumento de 179% de proteína e 660% de lipídio da matéria-prima, respectivamente, ao utilizar resíduos de mandioca como fonte de carbono. No entanto, a produção de lipase foi baixa, indicando que a cepa tem prioridade para o crescimento celular.

Abstract Dryinus Latreille, the most diverse genus of Dryininae (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae), has a worldwide distribution with 268 extant species, of which 103 are reported from the Neotropics. Only eight species of Dryinidae have been recorded in Uruguay, none of them belong to genus Dryinus. In this study, we describe the first species of Dryinus in Uruguay, Dryinus rogeriae nov. sp. and expanded the geographical distribution of D. bocainanus (Olmi) based on specimens collected in eastern Uruguay. We illustrate the studied species and provide a distributional map.

Resumen Dryinus Latreille, el género más diverso de Dryininae (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae), tiene distribución mundial con 268 especies viventes, de las quales 103 provienen del Neotrópico. En Uruguay, solo se han registrado ocho especies de Dryinidae, y ninguna de ellas pertenece al género Dryinus. En este estudio, describimos la primera especie de Dryinus en Uruguay, Dryinus rogeriae sp. nov. y ampliamos la distribución geográfica de D. bocainanus (Olmi) con base en especímenes recolectados en el este de Uruguay. Ilustramos las especies estudiadas y proporcionamos un mapa de distribución.

Abstract Two new species of Anteoninae (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea, Dryinidae) are described: Deinodryinus brasiliensis sp. nov., from Brazil (Bahia, Minas Gerais and Paraná) and D. mexicanus sp. nov., from Mexico (Chiapas). Comments on Lonchodryinus tricolorKieffer, 1905 are presented and new geographic records are provided for the Brazilian states of Minas Gerais and Paraná. The key to the females of the Neotropical Deinodryinus is updated, and illustrations and distributional maps are provided for the species studied here.

ABSTRACT Two experiments were proposed to evaluate the addition of monensin for lambs fed diets containing a high level of mature ground flint corn. The experimental diets were as follows: no inclusion of monensin (M0) and inclusion of 8 (M8), 16 (M16) and 24 mg kg–1 of monensin (M24). In experiment 1, eight cannulated wethers were divided into a double 4 × 4 Latin square experimental design to evaluate nutrient digestibility, plasma parameters and rumen fermentation. The experiment lasted 112 days, divided into four periods of 28 days each. In experiment 2, ninety-two lambs were used in a randomized block design to evaluate the performance over 56 days. In experiment 1, doses of monensin had no effect on nutrient intake (p ≥ 0.07) and digestibility (p ≥ 0.09). There was a quadratic effect for acetate molar proportion (p = 0.01), acetate to propionate ratio (p = 0.04) and rumen pH (p < 0.01). However, there was no effect on the molar proportion of propionate and butyrate. The monensin decreased linearly the total SCFA concentration (p < 0.01). The inclusion of monensin increased glucose (p < 0.01) and decreased lactate concentration in plasma (p = 0.05). In experiment 2, monensin decreased dry matter intake (p = 0.04). However, there was a quadratic effect for average daily gain (p = 0.03) and feed efficiency (p < 0.01), with the greatest values observed for the M8 diet. Thus, the inclusion of 8 mg kg–1 of dry matter diet (DM) improves ruminal fermentation and plasma parameters, resulting in greater growth performance in lambs.